Nonetheless, so that you can method the crystal may be very Sophisticated production tactics are needed. Since the dawn of the crystal, working on this problem, we are actually the only real firm in the world that may be processed In this particular crystal.
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The typical electrical power with the NIR laser even now has the likely to be enhanced to tens of watts which include 70 W [26] If your double-go configuration could be utilized to the Yb:YAG SCF amplifier stage. Therefore, When the conversion performance of 31% from NIR to DUV may very well be continue to maintained at this greater electric power issue, the average output power from the DUV laser at 258 nm might be over 20 W, which might be described as a extraordinary power level for that DUV laser and bring on the unanticipated DUV laser machining effects. What's more, for prime-electricity DUV laser, the UV injury of your nonlinear crystal, such as the windows for CLBO crystal plus the mirrors, is another significant parameter for long term and steady Procedure.
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On one other aspect, the facility scaling with the NIR laser is an additional facet to boost the average ability on the 193-nm DUV laser. As a result of lack of the significant-electrical power amplification Remedy of the NIR laser (for example at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency procedures like optical parameter oscillation (OPO) may very well be applied to produce a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from 1 μm to the specified wavelength as well as acquiring relative higher electrical power [21]. Not long ago, a diamond Raman laser confirmed its capacity in acquiring a high electrical power and also a superior conversion efficiency with the 1st Stokes with the one-μm laser [22,23], which suggests the likelihood being utilized while in the 193-nm DUV laser era as a result of its substantial Raman get and enormous frequency change.
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From the scientific and industrial purposes, the beam high-quality of the DUV laser can also be a crucial parameter. Specifically, the beam high-quality in the DUV laser dramatically impacts the laser machining final results. The beam high-quality with the DUV laser is determined by that of the elemental laser along with the crystal for your frequency conversion. A short while ago, a substantial-electricity DUV laser (>10 W) at 258 nm was documented with a beam excellent of M2 < 1.five, which was generated by FHG of a Yb:YAG laser at 1030 nm using the CLBO crystal [13]. This laser would bring on a much better laser machining final result when compared to the prior DUV lasers with much larger M2.
The heart beat duration of the 2nd Stokes mild was shortened to five ns as shown in Determine 7a, an individual-shot picture within the oscilloscope, and that is a common phenomenon in Raman laser [forty four] although the heart beat length of the pump laser was 10 ns.
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Its UV absorption edge reaches one hundred eighty nm. The successful nonlinear optical coefficient of CLBO for frequency doubling at 1064nm is about twice as large as that of KDP. CLBO crystals is often grown in the stoichiometric soften with decreased viscosity.
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